Top 5 programming languages for 2021 and beyond

If you’re just starting software development/software engineering, you might be in confusion about where, to begin with. There are hundreds of programming languages and every programming language has its own pros and cons.

 

‘’Computer programming is an art because it applies accumulated knowledge to the world, because it requires skill and ingenuity, and especially because it produces objects of beauty. A programmer who subconsciously views himself as an artist will enjoy what he does and will do it better.’’   — Donald Knuth

Once you will start learning different programming languages you will understand which suits you best and in what field you can make your career.

In the list below, we go over the best and most in-demand programming languages in 2021 and beyond which might help you in starting your computer programming journey.

PYTHON

If you have ever searched for which programming language to learn then you must have come across python. It is one of the most commonly used programming languages today and very easy for beginners to learn as the syntax and structure of the programming language are very easy to understand. It feels like you are writing normal English.

Python is a high-level interpreted language that makes it easy to run. It is designed by Guido van Rossum and was first appeared in the year 1991. Because of this, it has a very huge community of people which makes learning very easy. Python also gives you a good number of career options as it is used at very different places.

Some uses of python:

• Web application development
  Python is a server-side language and used by tech giants.
  Python has frameworks like Django/Flask with which it makes very easy for developers to develop web applications very quickly. An application like Instagram and Pinterest uses python on the server-side.

 

• GUI based desktop applications
  Libraries like Pyqt5 makes the job easy when you want to develop a desktop-based application.

 

• Machine Learning
  This is the main use of python. Python has a very huge number of libraries for machine learning and that is the reason it is most loved and 1st choice when it comes to the task which involves machine learning.

 

• Deep Learning
  Deep learning is a subset of machine learning and artificial intelligence here too python is the first choice.

 

• Data Science
  One of the highest paying IT jobs out there. Data is the fuel of this generation and python makes it very simple and fast to get valuable information out of the data.

 

• IoT
  One of the fastest-growing industries in the world. IoT is used everywhere and that too uses python.

 

• Automation
  Automation is the future. Daily we are reaching toward more and more automation and libraries like selenium of python help us not only this if we take the example of self-driving cars that is also a good example of automation.

There are a plethora of options if you choose python.

PROs:

• Easy to understand and learn
• Huge Library Support
• Big community support
• Improved Productivity
• Interpreted Language
• Dynamically Typed

Cons:

• Slow
• Not so good in mobile computing
• weak memory management
• Has more Runtime errors

Please visit python.org for more details.

JAVASCRIPT

 

 

Many languages came and gone but JavaScript is one of those few renowned languages that
is enjoying a high run and demand in the programming world. JavaScript is the most used language in the programming world. It has a huge number of frameworks for both the client and server-side. When you talk about the web you talk about JavaScript. Every web browser uses JavaScript and almost every tech giant has JavaScript in its tech stack which makes it the most used programming language.

It is designed by Brendan Eich and first came in the year 1995.

In the TIOBE ranking report, JavaScript has been ranked under the top 10 programming languages for several years consistently. It is widely known for adding responsive elements to the web but it has huge applications apart from that,

some are listed below:

• web development
  Modern frameworks like ReactJs and NodeJs are written in JavaScript.
• Game development
  Widely used for adding motion. It has 2D and 3D libraries and very much used in-browser games.
• mobile application development
  Cross-platform Mobile applications (IOS and Android apps from single codebase) framework like ReactNative is written in JavaScript.

 

Pros:

• Many frameworks
• Popularity
• Interoperability (works nicely with other programming languages)
• Speed
• Simplicity

Cons:

• Hard to debug
• Rendering speed
• Client-side security

Please visit the official website for more details.

JAVA

 

Java is one of well known and in-demand computer programming languages used today. Java was developed by James Gosling, and it first appeared in the year 1995. It is currently owned by oracle.
It follows an object-oriented programming structure(one of its main features) and it is platform-independent (write once run everywhere).
It is very well maintained and runs on more than 3 billion devices having applications written in Java.

Some applications of Java:

Web-based applications
Enterprise applications
Android Application
Big data
Cloud-based application

 

Pros:

• Fast
• Platform independent
• Object-oriented
• Huge Community Support
• Used by tech giants and backed by oracle

 

Cons:

• Hard to learn
• Garbage collection
• Low-level programming language

Please visit the official website for more details.

C/C++

 

 

The god of programming language.

Both languages are one of the oldest programming languages. C was designed by Dennis Ritchie in the year 1972 and C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in the year 1979. C is functional programming and c++ is the extension of c and adding the ability of object-oriented programming language. Both languages are the fastest and still in use. Most interviews at companies are conducted in C++. Most of python’s libraries are written in C++.

Due to their speed, they are widely used in IoT applications and gaming.

 

Some Applications of C and C++:

• Games
• GUI
• Advance Computations and Graphics: …
• Database Software
• Operating Systems
• Medical and Engineering Applications

Pros:

• Fast
• High Performance
• Memory management

Cons:

• Hard to learn
• Low-level programming language

GO

 

Go was developed by Google in 2007 for APIs and web applications. Go has recently become one of the fastest-growing programming languages due to its simplicity, as well as its ability to handle multicore and networked systems and massive codebases.

 

Application Written in GO:

• Docker
• Kubernetes
• Fedora CoreOS
• InfluxDB
• Istio
• Traefik
• Hugo
• Terraform

Pros:

• Classic syntax
• Easy to learn
• Static Typing
• Testing Support

Cons:

• No Generics
• Poor Library Support
• Difficult Community

 

Thank you.

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